Global Policy Report

Overview of Key Global AI Strategies and Governance Frameworks

As artificial intelligence continues to reshape the global landscape, nations and regions are rapidly establishing frameworks to balance innovation with safety, ethics, and economic sovereignty. This overview captures the primary strategies as of December 2025.

JurisdictionPolicy / Strategy NameInitiation Date3 Major Highlights
EUEU Artificial Intelligence Act (EU AI Act)August 2024
  • Establishes a risk-based regulatory framework (prohibited, high-risk, limited-risk, minimal-risk AI).
  • Rules on high-risk AI systems become fully applicable in August 2026.
  • Includes specific transparency and risk management obligations for General Purpose AI (GPAI) models.
USAAmerica’s AI Action Plan ("Winning the Race")July 2025
  • Pillar I: Accelerating AI Innovation (e.g., promoting the export of American AI technology).
  • Pillar II: Building American AI Infrastructure (e.g., accelerating federal permitting of data center infrastructure).
  • Pillar III: Empowering American Workers and ensuring AI systems are free from ideological bias.
China15th Five-Year Plan (2026–2030) AI Priorities & New Generation AI Development PlanOctober 2025
  • Focus on industrial modernization and achieving technological self-reliance in core AI technologies.
  • Prioritizes innovation that leads to real-world value and high-quality economic growth.
  • Lays out a broad technological agenda, including basic research in next-generation technologies like AI and quantum computing.
SingaporeNational Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2.0 (NAIS 2.0)December 2023
  • Guided by the vision: "AI for the Public Good, for Singapore and the World."
  • Focuses on anchoring new AI "centers of excellence" and strengthening the AI startup ecosystem.
  • Aims to build an AI-fluent workforce and improve public service productivity through AI adoption.
AustraliaNational AI PlanDecember 2025
  • A whole-of-nation roadmap to support an AI-enabled economy.
  • Focuses on four key areas: infrastructure, innovation, skills, and regulation.
  • Supports the development of sovereign public-sector AI capability and a coordinated national approach.
UAEUAE National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence 2031December 2024
  • Aims to boost government performance and achieve the objectives of UAE Centennial 2071.
  • Focuses on integrating AI into significant and mature sectors like finance, resources, and construction.
  • Seeks to attract and nurture top AI talent and build a base for AI exports.
Hong Kong SARGenAI Technical and Application Guideline & 2025 Policy Address InitiativesApril 2025
  • Guideline (Apr 2025): Provides practical operational guidance for developers, service providers, and users of Generative AI.
  • Policy Address (Sep 2025): Announces the setup of an "AI Efficacy Enhancement Team" to promote AI use across government departments.
  • Focuses on growing the local AI talent pool and strengthening advantages in data for AI development.